Tank Level Control

Tank Level Control Using IOT

Abstract

Water is most inevitable and valuable source since it is the fundamental need of all the individuals. Now a day we are facing many issues regarding water wastage and quality monitoring in tanks. This paper proposes a proficient method to water level and quality observing in the overhead tanks to lessen the present water wastage and give better water quality. The venture is about overhead tank checking framework that is we screen the level of water in the overhead tank and furthermore we decide nature of water. Firstly, we have the issue of filling the tanks which are situated far, and for this we have executed a little hypothesis that we put level sensors in the tank, that level sensors detect the water level in the tank and sends us message about water level in the tank. Also, the second preferred standpoint is that really, we utilize different quality parameter sensors like pH and turbidity sensors to screen the water quality in the tank. In light of level of water, we can choose how much measure of water is required for specific area and give adequate measure of water as opposed to squandering water. The Raspberry Pi B+ is utilized as core controller. The composed framework applies to an IOT module for getting to sensor information from center controller to cloud. The sensor information can be seen on cloud. At last information will be assembled and through Wi-Fi information can be seen on versatile device through android app. Based on data in the app workers will be sent to clean the tank This proposed framework is a minimal effort, wireless, multisensor arrange for exact water monitoring in tanks.

Introduction

Water  has gained  an  inestimable value  in  the  recent  past. This scenario  arises mainly because  of the  various faces.  Population, ageing infrastructure,  dilapidated technologies  and ground  water contamination have been the fore-runners of the many challenges that water faces. These challenges have pushed drinking water to an extent where it has become an amenity rather than utility. This phenomenon  of  scanty drinking  water  demands a  methodology which  is both  achievable  and efficient. One  such process  is the over-head tank and quality monitor system. In this process a group of tanks situated in locality are considered as an entity. An ultra-sonic sensor  is used  to detect the  water level  of the tank  and to monitor  the  quality  a pH-sensor  and  turbidity  sensor  are  used. Observing  the  level  of  water  in  the  tank  we  can  regulate  the amount of  water that locality  is using.  Through this  observation we could send extra amount of water to that locality if the demand is more or consequently curb the amount of water if the supply is more to avoid wastage of drinking water. Quality parameters help in purity check. If in case the results show the water is impure and turbid the information through the module is sent to the municipal department which  employs workers to  take sanitary measures of cleaning  the  tank so the  water could  regain its  purity. The  data from the  sensor is  collected and Smart water  tank executes IoT, with  which,  the  client  can  specifically  screen  and  control  the working of tank through the cell phone and from wherever in this world. The android application is made with the  goal that the in-formation assembled from the cloud is sent to app. From application civil division can  send workers to  clean the tank  in view of the area. This paper is organized in the following ways. Chapter 2 centers around  the current  thoughts that are  already been  implemented. Chapter 3 focuses on the fundamental ideas utilized as a part of usage of this work. Chapter 4 centers around system blue-print and its execution with all sub units. Chapter 5 and 6 is related to the data spill out of sensors and application around database in cloud.

Materials and it's uses

1.  Potentiometer:- A type of resistor whose resistance changes at the turn of a knob.

2.  Ultrasonic Distance Sensor:- A sensor that uses sound waves to determine how far away an object is from it.

3.   LCD 16X2:- A liquid crystal display capable of displaying two lines of 16 characters.

4.   Bread Board Small:- A half sized bread board with 30 rows,10 columns and two pairs of  power rails.

5.   Multimeter:- A tool for measuring voltage,current and resistance in your circuit.

6.   Relay SPDT(Single Pole,Double Throw):- A 5V SPDT power relay for switching between two circuits.

7.   DIP(Dual Inline Package) switch DPST(Double Pole,Single Throw):- A single DIP(Dual Inline Package)switch.

8.   Diode:- It allows electricity to flow in one direction.

9.   Resistor:- Resistance is the flow of electricity in a current reducing the voltage and current as aresult.

10.  DC Motor:- A motor which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Working  Principle With Diagram And Schematic View

The principle of the Arduino based water level controller is very normal. This project is based on Arduino and ultrasonic sensors. Ultrasonic sensors are working on the basis of ECHO. We all know ultrasonic sensor works using sound waves. Sound waves get transmitted in the environment and received back to the sensor as ECHO. We just need to calculate the time of both sound waves travelling time. When they strike obstacles and return to the sensor. After calculation, we have the distance in the result. We used this concept to control the water tank. The water pump is automatically turned on when the water level is low and turned off when the level is high.

EXECUTION CODE

// include the library code:

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>

// initialize the library with the numbers of the interface pins

LiquidCrystal lcd(12, 11, 5, 4, 3, 2);

int cm = 0;

int pump = 8;

bool  STOP_pump = HIGH ;

bool  RUN_pump = LOW ;

void setup()

{

  Serial.begin(9600);

  pinMode(pump,OUTPUT);

  lcd.begin(16, 2);

  digitalWrite(pump,RUN_pump);

}

void loop()

{

  

  // measure the ping time in cm

  cm = 0.01723 * readUltrasonicDistance(7, 7);

  // convert to inches by dividing by 2.54

  int level = map(cm, 400 , 10, 0 , 100);

  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);

  lcd.print( "Tank Level");

  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);

  lcd.print(level);

  lcd.setCursor(3, 1);

   lcd.print("%");

   if( level >=99)

{  

   digitalWrite(pump,STOP_pump);

}

  else if( level <95)  

{

    digitalWrite(pump,RUN_pump);  

  }

  

  else 

{

   digitalWrite(pump,STOP_pump); // this is for safety in case.

  } 

}

long readUltrasonicDistance(int triggerPin, int echoPin)

{

  pinMode(triggerPin, OUTPUT);  // Clear the trigger

  digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW);

  delayMicroseconds(2);

  // Sets the trigger pin to HIGH state for 10 microseconds

  digitalWrite(triggerPin, HIGH);

  delayMicroseconds(10);

  digitalWrite(triggerPin, LOW);

  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);

  // Reads the echo pin, and returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds

 

  return pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

}

CODE EXPLANATION

This code is written in the Arduino programming language and is designed to work with an Arduino board and a liquid crystal display (LCD) to display the level of a tank and control a pump based on that level. The program first includes the LiquidCrystal library, which provides functions for interfacing with the LCD. It then initializes the LCD and sets up the pin connections for the ultrasonic sensor, pump, and serial communication. In the loop() function, the program measures the distance from the ultrasonic sensor to the surface of the liquid in the tank using the readUltrasonicDistance() function. It then converts the distance to a percentage value for the tank level using the map() function, and displays the value on the LCD. The program then checks the tank level and turns the pump on or off accordingly. If the tank level is greater than or equal to 99%, the pump is turned off. If the tank level is less than 95%, the pump is turned on. If the tank level is between 95% and 99%, the pump is turned off for safety.

The readUltrasonicDistance() function sends a trigger signal to the ultrasonic sensor, measures the duration of the resulting echo, and calculates the distance based on the speed of sound.

DISCUSSION

First we have to connect the arduino to some external source i.e. to a computer or a laptop loaded with a  software arduino IDE with the above provided execution code provided the following equipments. After the execution of the code testing if the pump is working fine we hereby will add an inverter which will connect the pumps positive terminal to the inverter’s positive terminal and the ground to the main terminal. This process is  more helpful incase of power cut the supply of water to the tank will be stopped hence with the help of inverter we will be able to fill the tank even having a power cut.

CONCLUSION

Thus we can conclude that having an inverter is the safest side to avoid powercut of the pump will hence help to fill the tank faster and more efficiently.

Contact Us

sagnikbasu54@gmail.com